Laser is a type of light that, like other natural light, is generated by the transition of atoms (molecules or ions, etc.). But it is different from ordinary light because the laser only depends on Spontaneous emission for a very short time at the beginning, and the subsequent process is completely determined by stimulated emission, so the laser has a very pure color, almost no divergent directionality, extremely high luminous intensity and high coherence.



Laser cutting is achieved by applying the high power density energy generated by laser focusing. Under the control of a computer, the laser is discharged through pulses to output a controlled repetitive high-frequency pulse laser, forming a beam of a certain frequency and pulse width. The pulse laser beam is transmitted and reflected through the optical path and focused on the surface of the processed object through a focusing lens group, forming fine, high-energy density light spots. The focal spots are located near the surface to be processed and melt or vaporize the processed material at high temperatures in an instant. Each high-energy laser pulse instantly sprays a small hole on the surface of the object. Under computer control, the laser processing head and the processed material move continuously relative to each other according to the pre drawn pattern, which will process the object into the desired shape.

切缝时的工艺参数（切割速度，激光器功率，气体压力等）及运动轨迹均由数控系统控制，割缝处的熔渣被一定压力的辅助气体吹除。

Laser marking machine is a machine that uses a laser beam to permanently mark various surfaces of different substances. The effect of marking is to expose deep layers of material through the evaporation of surface materials, thus carving exquisite patterns, trademarks, and text. Laser marking machines are mainly divided into CO2 laser marking machines, semiconductor laser marking machines, fiber laser marking machines, and YAG laser marking machines. Laser marking machines are mainly used in situations that require more precision and precision. Applied to electronic components, integrated circuits (ICs), electrical appliances, mobile communication, hardware products, tool accessories, precision instruments, glasses and watches, jewelry, automotive accessories, plastic buttons, building materials, PVC pipes.



Laser marking is the use of a laser beam to permanently mark the surface of various substances. The effect of marking is to expose deep substances by evaporation of surface substances, or "carve" traces by chemical Physical change of surface substances caused by light energy, or burn some substances by light energy to show the patterns and characters to be etched.

There are two recognized principles:

"Hot working" is a laser beam with high energy density (it is a concentrated energy flow), which irradiates on the surface of the processed material. The material surface absorbs the laser energy and generates a thermal excitation process in the irradiation area, thus causing the temperature of the material surface (or coating) to rise, resulting in deformation, melting, ablation, evaporation and other phenomena.



The "cold processing" (ultraviolet) photons with high load energy can break the Chemical bond in materials (especially organic materials) or surrounding media, so that the materials will be destroyed by non thermal process. This kind of cold processing has special significance in laser marking processing, because it is not thermal ablation, but cold stripping that does not produce "thermal damage" side effects and breaks Chemical bond, so it does not produce heating or thermal deformation on the inner layer of the surface to be processed and nearby areas. For example, in the electronic industry, excimer lasers are used to deposit chemical thin films on substrate materials, and narrow grooves are made on semiconductor substrates.



Comparison of different labeling methods



Compared to inkjet marking, the advantage of laser marking and carving lies in its wide range of applications, where various substances (such as metals, glass, ceramics, plastics, leather, etc.) can be permanently and high-quality marked. There is no force on the surface of the workpiece, no mechanical deformation, and no corrosion on the material surface.